Saudi shemagh – Red and white

Known for its iconic red and white patterns, it's practical, elegant and rich in cultural significance. Did you know that throughout the Middle East, men wear shemaghs, sometimes called keffiyeh in other regions, or ghoutra. Their patterns and colors are evocative of their region of origin. They are therefore an important part of a cultural heritage preserved throughout the Arab world.

Worn with pride and elegance, the shemagh embodies the cultural richness passed down from generation to generation. Whether to assert a regional identity, protect against the sun and sand or honor traditions, the Saudi shemagh is an essential part of men's wardrobes in the Arabian Gulf countries. Versatile, it symbolizes respect for customs and is equally suited to religious occasions and everyday life.

Traditionally, the Saudi shemagh (or ghoutra) is draped over the head and held in place by an agal, a circular black cord. For a more casual look, it can be simply draped over the shoulders or tied loosely around the neck. As the Saudi shemagh is a cultural symbol in its own right, it should be used with respect and consideration, avoiding practices that might devalue it.

The two terms are often used interchangeably. However, there are a few differences between these two masculine accessories from the Arab world.

The shemagh

• Usually red and white, but sometimes also black and white.
• Linked to the traditions of Middle Eastern countries (Jordan, Syria) and Saudi Arabia.
• Known for its intricate patterns, it is often worn with an agal (black cord) to hold it in place.

The ghoutra

• Traditionally, it is plain white.
• Lighter than shemagh, and often made of cotton or a cotton/polyester blend.
• Common in all Gulf countries, including Qatar, the Emirates and Kuwait.
• Preferred for everyday use or more formal, sober contexts.

To sum up, the red and white shemagh is particularly popular in Saudi Arabia, and is always worn on festive or official occasions. In other Gulf countries, the white ghutra is generally more common.

Recognizable by its red and white patterns, the Saudi shemagh is an emblem of the culture of the Persian Gulf countries. The geometric patterns (often in the shape of diamonds or triangles) symbolize the Bedouin heritage and their ancestral traditions. Red can represent strength, courage and the warrior spirit, a central value in the ancient tribes of Arabia. Indeed, the Bedouins who populated the desert were renowned for being valiant fighters, as historical accounts and poems (known as qasidas) attest. These qualities have shaped much of Arab cultural identity. Indeed, they remain values celebrated in Bedouin folklore and poetry. White is associated with purity, peace and spirituality, qualities that can easily be traced back to Islamic culture. In fact, white is a color that evokes the notion of sacredness, and refers to the garb of pilgrims (ihram).